Interleukin-2 (IL-2)

Modality

IL-2 comprises 133 amino acids with a molecule weight of 15.5 kDa. It is a four-helix bundle cytokine that exerts its action via binding to various IL-2Rs. IL-2 can promote the proliferation and differentiation of NK cells, and T and B cells and eliminate the self-reactive T cells. Besides, it also can be mediated by activation-induced cell death (AICD). IL-2’s receptors include IL-2Rα, IL-2/15Βand γc which are co-expressed by activated T and B cells.

Application of Interleukin-2 (IL-2)

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) has been approved for treating metastatic renal-cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma. Proleukin (aldesleukin), the first approved human recombinant interleukin-2 product, is manufactured by recombinant DNA technology using a genetically engineered Escherichia coli (E. coli) strain. Proleukin molecule has serine substituted for cysteine at amino acid position 125. Aldesleukin is chemically named desalanyl-1, serine-125 human interleukin-2.

Fig 1. Amino acid sequence of IL-2.

As a result of studies on functional, biophysical, and structural characteristics of IL-2, modified IL-2 formulations are generated, including IL-2/mAB complexes and mutant IL2 molecules (IL-2 muteins) that stimulate cytotoxic effector T cells or Treg cells selectively. IL-2/mAb complexes, also termed IL-2/anti-IL-2 mAb complexes, include IL-2 and a particular anti-IL-2 mAb which can bind to and potentiate endogenous or recombinant IL-2. IL-2 muteins antagonize IL-2R-induced signals, instead of stimulating. The search for IL-muteins with reduced toxic adverse effects drives the research in this area.

Yaohai Bio-Pharma Offers One-Stop CDMO Solution for Interleukin-2 (IL-2)

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Pipelines

Name	Brand Name	Expression System	Manufacturer	Indication
Aldesleukin	Proleukin	Escherichia coli (E. coli)	Clinigen Group Plc, Chiron Corp., Seoul National University Hospital	Melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, Hashimoto encephalopathy, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, HIV
Denileukin Diftitox	Ontak	E. coli	Eisai Inc	Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, solid tumor, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Interleukin-2 biosimilar	Pending update	Pending update	Laboratorio Varifarma SA	tumor
Interleukin-2 biosimilar	Pending update	Pending update	Laboratorios Bioprofarma	Melanoma, renal cell carcinoma,
Teceleukin (Genetical Recombination)	Imunace 35	Escherichia coli	Shionogi & Co., Ltd.	Neuroblastoma, renal tumor, angiosarcoma, HIV
Celmoleukin	Celeuk	Escherichia coli	Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	angiosarcoma
Interleukin-2 biosimilar	Pending update	Pending update	Zenotech Laboratories Ltd.	renal cell carcinoma,
Recombinant human interleukin-2, 125Ala	欣吉尔	Escherichia coli	Beijing SL Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	Ascites, contagion, lung cancer, lymphoma, Melanoma, rheumatoid arthritis
Recombinant human interleukin-2	德路生, 新德路生	Pending update	BeiJing Four Rings Bio-Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	Melanoma, renal cell carcinoma
Recombinant human interleukin-2	远策欣	Pending update	Beijing Yuance Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	Tumor
Recombinant human interleukin-2 (rhIL-2)	洛金	Pending update	Guangdong Wellen Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	Carcinomatous pleuroperitoneal cavity hydrops, melanoma, renal carcinoma, and other malignant tumors
Recombinant human interleukin-2	因特康	Pending update	Jiangsu Kingsley Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	malignant pleural effusion, Melanoma, renal cell carcinoma,
Recombinant human interleukin-2	金路康	Pending update	Shandong Jintai Biological Engineering Co., Ltd.	tumor
Recombinant human interleukin-2	安捷素	Pending update	Shandong Lujie Biological pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	tumor
Recombinant human interleukin-2	泉奇	Pending update	Shandong Quangang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	Ascites, autoimmune disease, contagion, lung cancer, lymphoma, Melanoma, renal cell carcinoma
Recombinant human interleukin-2	辛洛尔	Pending update	Shanghai Huaxin Biotechnology Co., Ltd.	thrombocytopenia
Recombinant human interleukin-2	悦康仙	Pending update	Shenzhen Kexing Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	Ascites, malignant pleural effusion, melanoma, renal cell carcinoma,
Recombinant human interleukin-2	英路因	Pending update	Shenyang Sunshine Pharmaceuticals CO., Ltd	malignant pleural effusion, melanoma, pulmonary tuberculosis, renal cell carcinoma,
Recombinant human interleukin-2	长生安	Pending update	Changchun Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd.	thrombocytopenia
Recombinant human interleukin-2	安特鲁克	Pending update	Changchun ChangSheng Gene Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd	Ascites, autoimmune disease, contagion, tumor
Interleukin-2 biosimilar	Pending update	Pending update	AXXO Im- und Export GmbH	Tumor

Reference:

[1] Arenas-Ramirez N, Woytschak J, Boyman O. Interleukin-2: Biology, Design and Application. Trends Immunol. 2015 Dec;36(12):763-777. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2015.10.003.

[2] Waldmann TA. The biology of interleukin-2 and interleukin-15: implications for cancer therapy and vaccine design. Nat Rev Immunol. 2006 Aug;6(8):595-601. doi: 10.1038/nri1901.

All Categories

Interleukin-2 (IL-2)

Modality