Overview of Lyme borreliosis
Lyme disease is an illness caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, which is transmitted to humans by infected ticks. The symptoms of Lyme disease typically include fever, headache, fatigue, and a distinct skin rash called erythema migrants. If left untreated, the infection can spread to the joints, heart, and nervous system. Lyme disease is mainly found in Europe, North America, and temperate Asia.
As of 2023 there are several vaccines available for dogs to prevent Lyme disease.
Lyme borreliosis Vaccines in Dogs
There are vaccines available for dogs to prevent Lyme disease. These vaccines are either based on inactivated B. burgdorferi cell lysate or pure subunit proteins.
The bacterin vaccines approved for Lyme borreliosis include LymeVax (Fort Dodge), Nobivac Lyme (Merck), and Duramune Lyme (Elanco).
The second type of vaccine, subunit vaccines, consist of defined composition and contain well-characterized proteins. Recombitek (Boehringer-Ingelheim) is the first canine subunit vaccine to be available in the market, which consists of lipidated OspA in a non-adjuvanted formulation. VANGUARD® crLyme (Zoetis) is another commercially available Lyme vaccine for dogs which is based on chimeric epitope-based recombinant proteins. It contains both antigens for OspA and 14 different linear epitopes derived from diverse OspC antigens, providing broad-spectrum protection.
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