Codon Optimization Strategies

There are 64 genetic codons, of which 60 encode 20 amino acids. Every organism used for protein expression or production (including Escherichia coli, yeast, mammalian cells, Pichia, plant cells, and insect cells) exhibits some degree of difference or preference in codon usage. Codons most frequently utilized in a host are called optimal codons, while those not frequently used are called rare or low-usage codons.

Codon Optimization

Codon optimization involves modifying a gene sequence by utilizing preferred codons and avoiding low-usage or rare codons, and then obtaining the modified gene through gene synthesis. This redesign of genes is referred to as codon optimization.

An optimized gene sequence can enhance the stability of the mRNA secondary structure, preventing translation delays, premature translation termination, translational frameshifting, and amino acid mismatches due to insufficient tRNA pools.

Optimization is significant because it facilitates the efficient progression of processes such as gene synthesis, vector construction, transcription, and translation.

Optimization Factors

Balancing GC content: This affects binding stability, annealing temperature, and protein yield.

Reducing repetitive sequences: This decreases the difficulty of gene synthesis.

Adjusting mRNA secondary structure: To avoid hairpin structures that impact translation.

Eliminating restriction enzyme cut sites: To protect the integrity of the gene.

Codon preference: Optimizing the donor gene according to the host to maximize protein expression.

Yaohai’s support

For gene design and synthesis, mere protein expression and codon optimization are not sufficient. Different methods and programs can design and produce different codon-optimized mRNA sequences. Based on the above optimization factors, combined with its official database, and summarizing years of gene synthesis experience, Yaohai Bio-Pharma has developed its unique codon optimization database. It can provide you with free codon optimization and gene synthesis scheme design to maximize the codon optimization of your gene sequence.

Yaohai Bio-Pharma has established a complete set of linear mRNA and circular mRNA synthesis technologies to provide high-quality RNA, such as sequence design and optimization, gene synthesis, IVT, circularization, RNA purification, and LNP encapsulation.

We are also actively seeking institutional or individual global partners. We offer the most competitive compensation in the industry. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact us: [email protected]

For more details about Yaohai Bio-Pharma, please kindly refer to our website: www.yaohaibio-pharma.com